الصَّرْفُ
Divisions of حُرُوف العِلَّة
{ حُرُوف العِلَّة are the 3 weak letters: (ا) "alif", (و) "wāw", & (ي) "yā’"}
These verbs are called مُعْتَل - i.e. one of the three ف al-Kalimah, ع al-Kalimah or ل al-Kalimah will have a (ا), (و) or (ي).
{* There are 4 divisions but we will be taking only 3.}
1.
First division is when the حُرُوف
العِلَّة is in the place of ف al-kalimah.
E.g. وَعَدَ and يَسَرَ
In وَعَدَ - This verb
has حُرُوف
العِلَّة in its root. The ' ف ' al-kalimah of this word has a و (waaw).
In the case of
وَعَدَ
and يَسَرَ we don't
have to search for the root letters as the root letters are clear. It will
always be a و or a ي and never an Alif in
the place of ف al-kalimah. The reason being the Alif
is always a sukoon and it cannot be pronounced.
2.
Second division is when the حُرُوف
العِلَّة is in the place of ع al-kalimah.
E.g. صَاْمَ and باْعَ
The root letters are not
clear in these two words صَاْمَ and باْعَ because of the presence of Alif in
these words.
3.
The third division is when the حُرُوف
العِلَّة is in the place of ل al-kalimah.
E.g. مَشَى and دَعَاْ
The
point of knowing this is that each particular division has a particular rule of
conjugation.
**
NOTE: You will not find in the Arabic language a
word comprising of only حُرُوف
العِلَّة.
Look up the definitions for the following
words, conjugate them and make sentences:
1. يَسَرَ -
2. وَعَدَ
3. وَضَع
4. وَرِثَ
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