1. The first ten days are actually nine days with the addition of
the day of Eid. It is called the first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah, but only nine
of it is for fasting as the tenth day is the beginning of Eid. It is
impermissible to fast on the day of Eid, this is a consensus amongst the people
of knowledge.
2. It is permissible to fast the first nine days of Dhul-Hijjah
with the last day being the day of Arafah for those not doing Hajj. The Prophet
صلى الله عليه و سلم said in a
hadith narrated by ibn Abbas رضي الله عنهما (in at-Tirimidhi):
“There are not any days that good deeds are
more beloved to Allaah than those done in these ten days.”
3. In these days, it is recommended that there is a lot of remembrance
of Allaah سبحان و تعالى - this is
for all of the ten days.
4. In these days, it is recommended that one makes takbir of Allaah
(saying Allaahu akbar) - this is for all of the ten days.
5. In these days, it is recommended to read the Qur'aan as much as
possible and give charity - this is for all of the ten days.
6. The ninth day is the day of Arafah. The Messenger of Allaah صلى الله عليه و سلم said
in an authentic narration:
“Verily on the day of Arafah there is
expiation of sins for the year before and the year after.”
(Abi Qatada رضي الله
عنه, reported in Sahih Muslim and At-Tirmidhi).
So therefore it is a great day, so it is recommended to fast that
day for those not doing Hajj. Fasting is only permissible for the first nine
days as the tenth day is the day of Eid.